Soak the beans. Place the beans in a large dutch oven or bowl after picking them over for discolored beans or small rocks. Cover with 2-3 inches of cool water and 1 tablespoon kosher salt and stir until the salt is dissolved. Let the beans soak for 8-12 hours. After soaking, drain the beans in a colander and rinse them with cold water.
Render the bacon. Heat the olive oil over medium-low heat in a 5-6 quart dutch oven. Add the bacon and cook, stirring occasionally, until it’s crispy. Use a slotted spoon to transfer the bacon to a small bowl.
Saute the veggies. Increase the heat to medium and add the onions, carrots, celery, and fennel to the pot. Let the veggies cook, stirring occasionally, until they’re soft and starting to brown. Stir in the minced garlic and cook for 1 minute more.
Simmer. Stir in the chicken stock, bacon, and soaked beans and season with salt and pepper. Tie the herbs in a small bundle and add those to the pot with the parmesan rind and bay leaves. Bring to a simmer, cover, and lower the heat to medium-low. Simmer for about an hour, or until the beans are creamy and tender. Discard the herbs, bay leaves, and parmesan rind and stir in the sherry vinegar, aleppo pepper, and lemon zest. Season with salt and pepper, as needed
Cook the pasta. Bring a pot of salted water to a boil. Cook your pasta to al dente, then drain and rinse with cool water to stop the cooking process. Toss the cooked pasta with a tablespoon of olive oil to keep it from sticking. Divide the pasta into bowls, then ladle the bean soup over the top. Top with a drizzle of good olive oil and some shaved or grated parmesan cheese.